PRL 109, 087201 (2012)
We have studied frustrated kagome arrays and unfrustrated honeycomb arrays of magnetostatically
interacting single-domain ferromagnetic islands with magnetization normal to the plane. The measured
pairwise spin correlations of both lattices can be reproduced by models based solely on nearest-neighbor
correlations. The kagome array has qualitatively different magnetostatics but identical lattice topology to
previously studied artificial spin ice systems composed of in-plane moments. The two systems show
striking similarities in the development of moment pair correlations, demonstrating a universality in
artificial spin ice behavior independent of specific realization in a particular material system
Department of Physics and Materials Research Institute, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
2
Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
3
Theoretical Division and Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
(Received 19 March 2012; published 21 August 2012)
We have studied frustrated kagome arrays and unfrustrated honeycomb arrays of magnetostatically
interacting single-domain ferromagnetic islands with magnetization normal to the plane. The measured
pairwise spin correlations of both lattices can be reproduced by models based solely on nearest-neighbor
correlations. The kagome array has qualitatively different magnetostatics but identical lattice topology to
previously studied artificial spin ice systems composed of in-plane moments. The two systems show
striking similarities in the development of moment pair correlations, demonstrating a universality in
artificial spin ice behavior independent of specific realization in a particular material system
Department of Physics and Materials Research Institute, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
2
Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
3
Theoretical Division and Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
(Received 19 March 2012; published 21 August 2012)
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